Why Africa imports more food than it produces

Ukrainian wheat destined for Ethiopia

A UN-chartered vessel carrying 23,000 tonnes of Ukrainian wheat for Ethiopia docks in Djibouti on August 30, 2022.

Photo credit: File | AFP

Africa is importing more grains than it produces, creating a dependency on food imports despite the continent’s vast agricultural potential. And the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) says that the continent’s food import bill of at least $50 billion is unsustainable.

The pressing issues are inefficiencies in grain markets, fragmented value chains, significant post-harvest losses, and underdeveloped infrastructure, all of which combine to create high costs and reduce the competitiveness of African grains both regionally and globally.