As the war in Sudan enters its fourth year, the conflict has evolved beyond an internal struggle between two warring parties into a complex crisis where humanitarian pressures intersect with regional interventions and strategic shifts, making Sudan one of the world’s most dangerous conflict hotspots.
Since the outbreak of war on April 15, 2023, between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF), led by General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), led by Lieutenant General Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, also known as Hemedti, the conflict has spread across most regions of Sudan, causing widespread destruction and triggering the largest humanitarian crisis in the Horn of Africa.
