Horn of Africa peace deals collapse as conflicts converge

Internally displaced people sit outside a tent at Hasahisa Secondary School in Sudan.

Photo credit: Reuters

The Horn of Africa is navigating one of its most volatile periods in decades, driven by interconnected conflicts, collapsing peace agreements and shifting regional alliances.

A new Global Peace Index (GPI) describes the region as a prominent “regional conflict cluster”, with instability across Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia and South Sudan linked by refugee flows, gold smuggling, proxy sponsorship and competition over Red Sea ports.